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Saint Maruthas or Marutha of Martyropolis was a Syrian monk who became bishop〔''The Armenian Life of Marutha of Maipherkat'', Ralph Marcus, The Harvard Theological Review, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Jan., 1932), 47. 〕 of Maypherkat in Mesopotamia (Meiafarakin)〔''The Armenian Life of Marutha of Maipherkat'', Ralph Marcus, The Harvard Theological Review, 50.〕 for a period beginning before 399 through 410. He's believed to have died before 420. He is venerated as a Saint by Catholics, Greek Orthodox believers and Copts, his feast being kept on 4 December. He brought into his episcopal city the relics of so many martyrs that it received the surname ''Martyropolis''. He was a friend of Saint John Chrysostom. He acted as an ambassador between the East Roman Emperor and the Persian Emperor.〔 In the interests of the Church of Persia, which had suffered much in the persecution of Shapur II, he came to Constantinople, but found Emperor Arcadius too busily engaged in the affairs about the exile of St. John Chrysostom. Later Maruthas was sent by Emperor Theodosius II to the court of Persia, where, notwithstanding the Magi, he won the esteem of King Yazdegerd I of Persia by his affability, saintly life,〔''The Armenian Life of Marutha of Maipherkat'', Ralph Marcus, The Harvard Theological Review, 49.〕 and, as is claimed, by his knowledge of medicine.〔 So Marutha managed to negotiate a peace between the two empires. He was present at the general First Council of Constantinople in 381 and at a Council of Antioch in 383 (or 390), at which the Messalians were condemned. For the benefit of the Persian Church he is said to have held two synods at Ctesiphon. A great organizer, he was one of the first to give a regular structure to the church, helped in his mission by the catholicos Isaac. His writings include: * ''Acts of the Persian Martyrs'' (these acts remember the victims of the persecution of Shapur II and Yazdegerd I)〔''The Armenian Life of Marutha of Maipherkat'', Ralph Marcus, The Harvard Theological Review, 47-48.〕 * ''History of the Council of Nicaea'' * A translation in Syriac of the canons of the Council of Nicaea * A Syrian liturgy, or anaphora * Commentaries on the Gospels * ''Acts of the Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon'' (26 spurious canons of a synod held in 410) He also wrote hymns on the Holy Eucharist, on the Cross, and on saints killed in Shapur's persecution. ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maruthas of Martyropolis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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